Medication is one of the most inspected areas in domiciliary care. It is also one of the most common sources of enforcement action. Not because agencies are careless - but because medication errors are easy to spot on a Medication Administration Record, and gaps in a medication policy are easy to identify in an inspection.
Here is what your policy must cover and how inspectors test whether your practice matches your documentation.
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1. Staff Competency Assessment
Your policy must state that no member of staff administers medication until they have been assessed as competent to do so. Competency assessment is not the same as training completion. An observed competency assessment - where a senior staff member watches the care worker administer medication correctly and signs off that they have done so - is what CQC expects to see.
Your policy must specify:
- Who carries out competency assessments
- What the assessment covers
- How it is documented
- How often it is repeated - typically annually plus after any medication error
- What happens if a worker does not achieve competency
Training completion certificates alone are not evidence of competency. CQC inspectors know the difference.
2. Medication Administration Records
Your policy must cover how MAR charts are completed, what constitutes a correct entry, what to do if a dose is missed, and how MARs are audited. Inspectors will look at your actual MAR charts during inspection - gaps, incorrect codes, or illegible entries are immediately visible.
Specifically your policy must address:
- How MARs are set up for each service user
- What codes are used - administered, refused, not available, administered by another - and what each code means
- What staff must do if a dose is missed - document, report to manager, do not double dose
- How often MARs are audited and by whom
- How discrepancies are investigated and documented
3. Controlled Drugs
If your agency handles controlled drugs - including morphine, diazepam, and other Schedule 2 and 3 drugs - your policy must have a dedicated section covering the additional requirements. These include:
- Secure storage requirements
- Two-person witness requirements for administration and disposal
- Running balance records
- How to report discrepancies
- Disposal procedures
If your agency does not handle controlled drugs, your policy should state this explicitly - not just omit the section. An explicit statement tells the inspector you have considered it.
4. Covert Medication
Covert medication - administering medication without the service user's knowledge, typically in food or drink - is lawful only in specific circumstances under the Mental Capacity Act 2005. Your policy must explain when it is lawful, what is required before it can be authorised, and how it is documented.
The requirements are:
- A mental capacity assessment must establish that the person lacks capacity to consent to taking the medication
- A best interests decision must be made - involving the prescriber, the registered manager, and where possible family or advocates
- The prescriber must agree that covert administration is appropriate
- A covert medication plan must be documented and reviewed regularly
Even if you do not currently have any service users on covert medication, your policy must address it. Inspectors will ask.
5. What To Do When Things Go Wrong
Medication errors happen even in well-run agencies. What separates a Good agency from a Requires Improvement agency is how errors are handled, documented, and learned from.
Your policy must include a clear procedure for:
- Wrong medication administered
- Wrong dose administered
- Missed dose
- Medication given to wrong service user
- Service user self-administers additional medication
For each scenario the procedure must specify: immediate action, who to contact, how to document, whether to call 111 or 999, and how to complete the incident report.
6. Self-Administration
Some service users are capable of managing their own medication with minimal or no support. Your policy must cover the assessment process for self-administration - how you determine whether a service user can safely self-administer, how this is documented in the care plan, and the care worker's role when a service user is self-administering. The self-administration assessment should be a formal, documented evaluation - not a verbal agreement - that records the service user's cognitive ability, physical dexterity, understanding of their medication regime, and any risks identified. This assessment must be signed by the service user (or their representative) and reviewed by the registered manager or care coordinator. Reassessment should be triggered by any significant change in the service user's condition, a hospital admission or discharge, a change in medication, or a medication incident - and in any case at intervals no longer than six months. This directly supports person-centred care under Regulation 9 of the Health and Social Care Act 2008 (Regulated Activities) Regulations 2014, which requires that care reflects individual needs and preferences. Where a service user's capacity to self-administer deteriorates, your policy should set out a clear pathway for stepping up support - from prompting, to assisting, to full administration - with each transition documented in the care plan and communicated to the prescriber. It is equally important to record the service user's own views about their ability to manage their medication, ensuring their perspective informs every assessment decision.
What Inspectors Ask Care Workers
During inspection, inspectors will speak directly with care workers about medication. The questions they ask most frequently:
"What do you do if you make a medication error?" The expected answer includes: stop, assess the service user, contact the registered manager immediately, document what happened, complete an incident report, and follow the agency's error procedure. Never try to correct the error without telling the manager first.
"What would you do if a service user refused their medication?" The expected answer references mental capacity - assume the person has capacity to refuse, explain the importance of the medication clearly, document the refusal on the MAR and in the care notes, and report to the registered manager.
"How do you know a service user's medication has changed?" The expected answer references your system for communicating medication changes - whether that is a care coordinator updating the MAR, a handover note, or a notification from the pharmacist or GP.
If your care workers cannot answer these questions accurately, the gap is not just in your policy - it is in your training and supervision. Both are inspected.
Audit Trail
A medication policy is only as good as the audit trail that sits behind it. CQC expects to see evidence that you are monitoring medication management actively - not just reacting when errors occur.
Minimum audit requirements:
- Monthly medication audits reviewing a sample of MAR charts
- Documentation of any errors or near misses identified
- Evidence of learning and improvement following errors
- Competency assessment records for all staff handling medication
NICE Guidance and External Standards
Your medication policy should reference the relevant external standards that CQC inspectors expect to see. The most important are:
- NICE SC1: Managing Medicines in Care Homes - while written for care homes, the principles apply to domiciliary care and CQC uses it as a benchmark. It covers ordering, receiving, storing, administering, and disposing of medicines.
- NICE NG67: Managing Medicines for Adults Receiving Social Care in the Community - this is the most directly relevant guidance for domiciliary care agencies. It covers person-centred care, shared decision-making, and the role of domiciliary care workers in medication support.
- The Royal Pharmaceutical Society Professional Guidance on the Administration and Control of Medicines in Healthcare and Social Care - this sets the professional standard for medication handling.
Referencing these standards in your policy shows CQC that your medication management is grounded in current best practice, not just internal assumptions.
Working With Pharmacies and Prescribers
Your medication policy must address how your agency communicates with pharmacies and prescribers - GPs, community nurses, and hospital discharge teams. Changes to medication are one of the highest-risk events in domiciliary care, particularly when a service user is discharged from hospital with a changed medication regime.
Your policy should cover:
- How medication changes from prescribers are received and actioned
- Who is authorised to update the MAR chart following a prescription change
- How you verify medication changes - cross-referencing the dispensing label with the MAR
- What happens when there is a discrepancy between the MAR and the medication supplied
- How you communicate with the community pharmacy about repeat prescriptions, missed deliveries, or dosette box errors
CQC inspectors increasingly focus on transitions of care - the points where responsibility for medication passes between healthcare providers and your agency. Clear documentation of these handover points in your policy is a strong Effective signal.
CareDocPro generates a complete Medication Administration Policy personalised to your agency - including your controlled drugs status, your local authority, and your registered manager. Every section references the relevant NICE guidance and CQC regulations.